![]() Although published reports on oral herpes disease in pregnancy remain scarce and no clear management guidelines exist, rare cases of gingivostomatitis (an infection of the mouth and gums that leads to swelling and sores) have been reported during the first trimester and are thought to be linked to oral herpes. Typically, oral herpes does not affect pregnancies. Herpes viruses have been linked to Recurrent Lymphocytic Meningitis (Mollaret’s meningitis), which is characterized by sudden attacks of meningitis symptoms that last for 2-7 days and are separated by symptom-free (latent) intervals lasting for weeks, months or years. HSV encephalitis is mainly caused by HSV-1, whereas meningitis is more often caused by HSV-2. ![]() Some herpes viruses can cause meningitis or encephalitis (inflammation of the brain itself, which is much more serious). Touching herpes sores or the fluids from the sores may lead to transferring herpes to another part of your body, such as your eyes. Neither strain is curable, but treatment options are available to help reduce the severity of symptoms and shorten the length of outbreaks.Ĭondoms can help prevent the spread of herpes in some cases but are not always 100 percent effective at preventing herpes since they do not always cover the entire infected area. HSV-1 and HSV-2 are distinguishable by their genetic makeup of different surface proteins. If symptoms do appear, they are often worse during the initial outbreak than recurring outbreaks.īecause both strains of the herpes simplex virus often result in no symptoms at all, those infected do not always know they have it and unwittingly transmit it to their partner(s). One-third to half of all shedding instances show no symptoms. Genital herpes is easier to transmit during an active infection when lesions or sores are present, however, it can be transmitted when no symptoms arise. The virus becomes active again at unpredictable times, causing shedding and sometimes lesions or sores. Once the virus makes its way to the dorsal root ganglia, it becomes inactive for an unknown period of time. Scabs form over the sores or blisters once the fluid is absorbed, then the scabs disappear without scarring. If the virus destroys the host cell during replication, sores or blisters filled with fluid appear. Upon entering a cell, the infection often does not cause any symptoms. Genital herpes can be contracted while receiving oral sex with someone who has oral herpes. HSV-2 can be contracted from infected bodily fluids, including semen, vaginal fluid, saliva or herpes lesions, sores or blister fluid. ![]() Cases of genital herpes are usually caused by the HSV-2 strain, but HSV-1 cases of genital herpes are becoming more and more common. A case of either HSV-1 or HSV-2 is called genital herpes when it affects the genitals or the genital area. HSV-2 is also a viral STD, and typically results in sores or lesions on the genitals, anus or upper thighs. The virus becomes active again at unpredictable times, causing shedding. HSV-1 can be contracted from infected bodily fluids, including semen, vaginal fluid, saliva, or herpes lesions, sores or blister fluid. The initial outbreak of either virus strain can result in flu-like symptoms, including fever, swollen lymph nodes and body aches. Herpes 1 and 2 can be contracted during vaginal, anal or oral sex. In fact, approximately half of all new cases of genital herpes in the United States are caused by oral herpes infections. The origin for the name herpes is derived from a Greek word meaning to crawl or to creep, which describes the nature of the virus– Once the virus infects a cell, it “crawls or creeps” along nerve pathways until reaching nerve clusters (also known as dorsal root ganglia) of the spinal cord.Īn individual can be infected by both herpes 1 and herpes 2. Herpes viruses infect the skin and/or mucous membranes. Other common diseases caused by various herpes strains include chickenpox or shingles (caused by herpes zoster virus) and Kaposi’s sarcoma (caused by herpes virus 8). Herpes is a virus with multiple strains two strains, HSV-1 and HSV-2, cause oral and genital herpes. HSV-1 & HSV-2 Explained: Oral and Genital Herpes
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